First Detection of Phytophthora ramorum Mating Type A2 in Europe

Molecular Identification and Detection of Phytophthora ramorum

The genus Phytophthora comprises over 70 described species, however many new species have been reported recently as a result of the discovery of previously undetected species or by the hybridization of known species. Phytophthora ramorum, one of the new Phytophthora species, is considered a high phytosanitary risk because it is currently responsible for largescale oak mortality in coastal Calif...

Phytophthora ramorum

Phytophthora ramorum in North America

Two apparently unlinked events marked the beginning of one of the most devastating forest diseases known to man in recent times: Sudden Oak Death (SOD). In the mid 1990s, while a novel species of Phytophthora was being isolated from mildly diseased Rhododendron and Viburnum plants in German and Belgian nurseries, the first reports of inexplicable death of tanoaks (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) ...

Detection, Diversity, and Population Dynamics of Waterborne Phytophthora ramorum Populations.

Sudden oak death, the tree disease caused by Phytophthora ramorum, has significant environmental and economic impacts on natural forests on the U.S. west coast, plantations in the United Kingdom, and in the worldwide nursery trade. Stream baiting is vital for monitoring and early detection of the pathogen in high-risk areas and is performed routinely; however, little is known about the nature o...

Origin of the A2 Mating Type of Phytophthora infestans Outside Mexico.

The first report of the A2 mating (compatibility) type of the potato late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, outside Mexico was in Europe during 1984 (32) and, since then, the A2 has been found in many parts of the world (19,23). The four most likely hypotheses to explain the occurrence of the A2 mating type outside Mexico are that it (i) was always present, but undetected...